232 lines
6.8 KiB
Markdown
232 lines
6.8 KiB
Markdown
# Installing on Alpine Linux
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{! backend/installation/otp_vs_from_source_source.include !}
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## Installation
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This guide is a step-by-step installation guide for Alpine Linux. The instructions were verified against Alpine v3.10 standard image. You might miss additional dependencies if you use `netboot` instead.
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It assumes that you have administrative rights, either as root or a user with [sudo permissions](https://www.linode.com/docs/tools-reference/custom-kernels-distros/install-alpine-linux-on-your-linode/#configuration). If you want to run this guide with root, ignore the `sudo` at the beginning of the lines, unless it calls a user like `sudo -Hu pleroma`; in this case, use `su -l <username> -s $SHELL -c 'command'` instead.
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{! backend/installation/generic_dependencies.include !}
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### Prepare the system
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* The community repository must be enabled in `/etc/apk/repositories`. Depending on which version and mirror you use this looks like `http://alpine.42.fr/v3.10/community`. If you autogenerated the mirror during installation:
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```shell
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awk 'NR==2' /etc/apk/repositories | sed 's/main/community/' | tee -a /etc/apk/repositories
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```
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* Then update the system, if not already done:
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```shell
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sudo apk update
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sudo apk upgrade
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```
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* Install some tools, which are needed later:
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```shell
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sudo apk add git build-base cmake file-dev
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```
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### Install Elixir and Erlang
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* Install Erlang and Elixir:
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```shell
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sudo apk add erlang erlang-runtime-tools erlang-xmerl elixir
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```
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* Install `erlang-eldap` if you want to enable ldap authenticator
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```shell
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sudo apk add erlang-eldap
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```
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### Install PostgreSQL
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* Install Postgresql server:
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```shell
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sudo apk add postgresql postgresql-contrib
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```
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* Initialize database:
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```shell
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sudo /etc/init.d/postgresql start
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```
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* Enable and start postgresql server:
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```shell
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sudo rc-update add postgresql
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```
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### Install media / graphics packages (optional, see [`docs/installation/optional/media_graphics_packages.md`](../installation/optional/media_graphics_packages.md))
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```shell
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sudo apk add ffmpeg imagemagick exiftool
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```
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### Install PleromaBE
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* Add a new system user for the Pleroma service:
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```shell
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sudo addgroup pleroma
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sudo adduser -S -s /bin/false -h /opt/pleroma -H -G pleroma pleroma
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```
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**Note**: To execute a single command as the Pleroma system user, use `sudo -Hu pleroma command`. You can also switch to a shell by using `sudo -Hu pleroma $SHELL`. If you don’t have and want `sudo` on your system, you can use `su` as root user (UID 0) for a single command by using `su -l pleroma -s $SHELL -c 'command'` and `su -l pleroma -s $SHELL` for starting a shell.
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* Git clone the PleromaBE repository and make the Pleroma user the owner of the directory:
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```shell
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sudo mkdir -p /opt/pleroma
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sudo chown -R pleroma:pleroma /opt/pleroma
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sudo -Hu pleroma git clone -b stable https://git.pleroma.social/pleroma/pleroma /opt/pleroma
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```
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* Change to the new directory:
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```shell
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cd /opt/pleroma
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```
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* Install the dependencies for Pleroma and answer with `yes` if it asks you to install `Hex`:
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```shell
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sudo -Hu pleroma mix deps.get
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```
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* Generate the configuration: `sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix pleroma.instance gen`
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* Answer with `yes` if it asks you to install `rebar3`.
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* This may take some time, because parts of pleroma get compiled first.
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* After that it will ask you a few questions about your instance and generates a configuration file in `config/generated_config.exs`.
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* Check the configuration and if all looks right, rename it, so Pleroma will load it (`prod.secret.exs` for productive instance, `dev.secret.exs` for development instances):
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```shell
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sudo -Hu pleroma mv config/{generated_config.exs,prod.secret.exs}
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```
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* The previous command creates also the file `config/setup_db.psql`, with which you can create the database:
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```shell
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sudo -Hu postgres psql -f config/setup_db.psql
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```
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* Now run the database migration:
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```shell
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sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix ecto.migrate
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```
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* Now you can start Pleroma already
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```shell
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sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix phx.server
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```
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### Finalize installation
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If you want to open your newly installed instance to the world, you should run nginx or some other webserver/proxy in front of Pleroma and you should consider to create an OpenRC service file for Pleroma.
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#### Nginx
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* Install nginx, if not already done:
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```shell
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sudo apk add nginx
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```
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* Setup your SSL cert, using your method of choice or certbot. If using certbot, first install it:
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```shell
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sudo apk add certbot
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```
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and then set it up:
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```shell
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sudo mkdir -p /var/lib/letsencrypt/
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sudo certbot certonly --email <your@emailaddress> -d <yourdomain> --standalone
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```
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If that doesn’t work, make sure, that nginx is not already running. If it still doesn’t work, try setting up nginx first (change ssl “on” to “off” and try again).
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* Copy the example nginx configuration to the nginx folder
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```shell
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sudo cp /opt/pleroma/installation/pleroma.nginx /etc/nginx/conf.d/pleroma.conf
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```
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* Before starting nginx edit the configuration and change it to your needs. You must change change `server_name` and the paths to the certificates. You can use `nano` (install with `apk add nano` if missing).
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```
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server {
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server_name your.domain;
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listen 80;
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...
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}
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server {
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server_name your.domain;
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listen 443 ssl http2;
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...
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ssl_trusted_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/your.domain/chain.pem;
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ssl_certificate /etc/letsencrypt/live/your.domain/fullchain.pem;
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ssl_certificate_key /etc/letsencrypt/live/your.domain/privkey.pem;
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...
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}
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```
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* (Strongly recommended) serve media on another domain
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Refer to the [Hardening your instance](../configuration/hardening.md) document on how to serve media on another domain. We STRONGLY RECOMMEND you to do this to minimize attack vectors.
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* Enable and start nginx:
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```shell
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sudo rc-update add nginx
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sudo service nginx start
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```
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If you need to renew the certificate in the future, uncomment the relevant location block in the nginx config and run:
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```shell
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sudo certbot certonly --email <your@emailaddress> -d <yourdomain> --webroot -w /var/lib/letsencrypt/
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```
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#### OpenRC service
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* Copy example service file:
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```shell
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sudo cp /opt/pleroma/installation/init.d/pleroma /etc/init.d/pleroma
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```
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* Make sure to start it during the boot
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```shell
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sudo rc-update add pleroma
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```
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#### Create your first user
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If your instance is up and running, you can create your first user with administrative rights with the following task:
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```shell
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sudo -Hu pleroma MIX_ENV=prod mix pleroma.user new <username> <your@emailaddress> --admin
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```
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#### Further reading
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{! backend/installation/further_reading.include !}
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## Questions
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Questions about the installation or didn’t it work as it should be, ask in [#pleroma:libera.chat](https://matrix.to/#/#pleroma:libera.chat) via Matrix or **#pleroma** on **libera.chat** via IRC.
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